CA-10
ID: CA-10
Region: Atlantic
Case/Incident Name: T/V Arrow
Time: 1970-2-4
Location
Spill Location: Canada , NS , Chedabucto Bay
Spill latitude N: 45.411648
Spill longitude E: -61.235692
Incident Character
Incident Description: Tanker sunk
Incident Type: Marine Accident (M)
Oil Type: Bunker C Oil
Volume Spilled (m3): 12357.0
Oiled Shoreline (km): 8987.0
Volume on shoreline (m3): 8987.0
Owner: Bethlehem Steel Company
Country of the owner: US
Shorelines
Shoreline Substrates: Bedrock, Mixed sediment beach, Pebble/Cobble beach, Boulder beach
Shore Treatment Methods: Natural recovery, Manual removal, Mechanical removal
Natural Attenuation Monitored:
Treatment Information: Small aircraft attempted to disperse the oil dropping a chemical dispersant known as COREXIT on the spill, but this failed. The oil spread and washed ashore on many beaches in the bay. The clean-up took months to complete. Manual and mechanical shoreline cleanup
Waste Data:
Citation
Owens, E.H. 1971. A reconnaissance of the coastline of Chedabucto Bay, Nova Scotia. Marine Sciences Paper No. 4, Department of Environment, Ottawa, Ontario, 24 pp. with map.
Buckley, D.E., Owens, E.H., et al. 1974. Canso Strait and Chedabucto Bay: A multidisciplinary study of the impact of man on the marine environment. Department of Energy Mines and Resources, Geological Survey of Canada Paper 74-30, Ottawa ON, 1:133-160.
https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/starweb/geoscan/servlet.starweb?path=geoscan/downloade.web&search1=R=119751
Lee, K., Wells, P.G., Gordon, D.C. 2020. Reflecting on an anniversary. The 1970 SS Arrow oil spill in Chedabucto Bay, Nova Scotia, Canada. Mar. Pollut. Bull., 157, 5 pp. 111332.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32658696.
Yang, Z., Shah, K., Laforest, S., Hollebone, B.P., Lambert, P., Brown, C.E., Yang, C., Goldthorp, M. 2018. A study of the 46-year-old Arrow oil spill: Persistence of oil residues and variability in oil contamination along Chedabucto Bay, Nova Scotia, Canada. J. Clean. Prod., 198, 1459-1473.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0959652618320912.
Owens, E.H., Sergy, G.A., McGuire, B.E., Humphrey, B. 1993. The 1970 Arrow oil spill: What remains on the shoreline 22 years later? Proc. 16th Arctic and Marine Oilspill Programme (AMOP) Technical Seminar, Environment Canada, Ottawa ON, 1149-1167.
http://inis.iaea.org/search/search.aspx?orig_q=RN:25063998.
The Ministry of Transport 1970. Report of the scientific coordination team to the head of the task force operation oil (the Arrow incident).
https://books.google.ca/books/about/Clean_up_of_the_Arrow_Oil_Spill_in_Cheda.html?id=ejwzzgEACAAJ&redir_esc=y.
Wang, Z., Fingas, M., Sergy, G. 1994. Study of 22-Year-Old Arrow Oil Samples Using Biomarker Compounds by GC/MS. Environ. Sci. Technol., 28, 1733-1746.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22176377.
Owens, E. (2010). Shoreline response and long-term oil behaviour studies following the 1970 “Arrow” spill in Chedabucto Bay, NS. Proc. 33rd Arctic and Marine Oilspill Programme (AMOP) Technical Seminar, Environment Canada, Ottawa ON: 207-222.
Owens, E.H., Prince, R.C., Taylor, R.B. 2008. Shoreline Observations and Sample Analysis Results from Black Duck Cove over 35 following the “Arrow” Oil Spill. Proc.31st Arctic Marine Oilspill Program (AMOP) Technical Seminar, Environment Canada, Ottawa ON, 585-599.
Owens, E.H., Dubach, H.C., Bunker, P., MacDonald, S., Yang, Z., Lambert, P., LaForest, S. 2017. Canine Oil Detection (K9-SCAT) following 2015 Releases from the T/V Arrow Wreck. Proc. International Oil Spill Conference, Amer. Petr. Institute, Washington DC. Vol, 2017, No. 1, 2620-2641.
https://doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2017.1.2620.
Owens, E.H., ;. 1971. Restoration of Beaches Contaminated by Oil in Chedabucto Bay, Nova Scotia, Manuscript Report Series No. 19. Marine Sciences Branch. Department of Energy, Mines and Resources, Ottawa ON, 75 pp.
https://books.google.ca/books/about/The_restoration_of_beaches_contaminated.html?id=-acvAAAAYAAJ&redir_esc=y.
Owens, E.H., Drapeau, G. 1972. Changes in beach profiles at Chedabucto Bay, Nova Scotia, following large-scale removal of sediments. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 10, 1226-1232.
https://cdnsciencepub.com/doi/10.1139/e73-108.
Owens, E., Rashid, M. 2011. Coastal environments and oil spill residues in Chedabucto Bay, Nova Scotia. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 13, 908-928.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/237171181_Coastal_environments_and_oil_spill_residues_in_Chedabucto_Bay_Nova_Scotia.
Owens, E.H. 1978. Mechanical Dispersal of Oil Stranded in the Littoral Zone. Journal of the Fisheries Board of Canada, 35, 563-572.
https://cdnsciencepub.com/doi/abs/10.1139/f78-101.
Owens, E.H., Taylor, E., Humphrey, B. 2008. The persistence and character of stranded oil on coarse-sediment beaches. Mar. Pollut. Bull., 56, 14-26.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18001804.
Owens, E.H. (1972). The Cleaning of Gravel Beaches Polluted by Oil. Proc. 13th International Conference on Coastal Engineering, Vancouver, B.C., July 1973, (ASCE, N.Y.) II : 2549-2556.
Owens, E.H., McGuire, B.E., and Humphrey, B., 1994. Chedabucto Bay 1992 Shoreline Oil Conditions Survey – Long-term Fate of Bunker C Oil from the Arrow Spill in Chedabucto Bay, Nova Scotia: Environment Canada, Emergencies Science Division, Technology Development Directorate, EPS Report 5/SP/2, 87 pp.
Lee, K., Wohlgeschaffen, G.D., Tremblay, G.H., Vandermeulen, J.H., Mossman, D.C., Wilson, J.E.H., Doe, K.G., Jackman, P.M., Prince, R.C., Garrett, R.M., Haith, C.E. 1999. Natural Recovery Reduces Impact of the 1970 Arrow Oil Spill. International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings, Amer. Petr. Inst, Pub. 4686B, Washington DC, 1075-1078.
https://doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-1999-1-1075.
Thomas, M.L.H, 1978. Comparison of Oiled and Unoiled Intertidal Communities in Chedabucto Bay, Nova Scotia. Journ. Fisheries Research Board of Canada, 35, 707-716.